Improvement in sewing-machines



G, H. MALLARY.

Sewing MachineL No. 31897; Patented April 2, 15861;

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enel-iene. MALLARY, or new YORK, N. Y.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING-MACHlNES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 31,897", dated April :2, 1561.

To allfwhom it may concern:

Beit known that I, GEORGE H. MALLARY, of the city of New York, in the county of New York, and State of NewYork, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Sewing-Machines; and I do herebyde'clare that the following is a full and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings and the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure l is a side view of the entire machine. Fig. 2 is a central sectional view of my invention. Fig. 8 is atransverse sectional view of the same, section being made at right angles with that in Fig. 2, and through the plane represented by the red line in said Fig. 2.

rlhe saine letters of reference refer to similar parts in the several figures.

To enable others skilled in the art to make and use my invention, I will proceed to describe its construction and operation.

A is the frame or body of the machine, de signed to be fastened to the edge of a tabletop by means of set-screws a, and operated by hand; or it may be placed in a suitable opening on the top of a table and operated with the foot by a treadle.

The needle b is attached to and carried by the needle-plate B, being designed to pierce the cloth from below upward, the said needleplate B having a vertical reciprocating motion communicated to it by means of the pin c in the cam d moving in the transverse slot e, the

vertical slotsmffand pins g q permitting such,

motion. Mot-ion is given to the camdby means of the shaft h, the gearwvheels i j, and the crank or pulley lc. The feeding of the cloth is accomplished by means of the feed-lever l, the" upper end, fm, of which has a broad serrated surface. The feed-lever'is operated by means of the cam d, and the spring a giving to it a vibrating motion when the cam d is rotated. The feed is regulated by the screw o.

To one of the upper corners of the needleplate B is attached a holder or dog, C, the top v end or. surface of which, when the needle-plate has reached thelimits ot'its upward movement, as represented by the red lines in Fig. 3, is pressed firmly'against the cloth, holding it securely at rest between itself and the top pressure-plate, p, at the instant that the feed-lever is upon its backward vibration. The upper which fully effects the desired object.

pressure-plate, p, is connected with the rod g, and pressed down by the spring o.

The looper D is attached to the projection t of the head `s of the shaft u, which passes through the head E ofthe frame A. The upper end is furnished with a small crank, c, connected with the rod u2. To this rod u2 a reciprocating motion is given by means of the lever zo, which is operated by the cam a: and the spring y. By this {arra-ng'ement a half-rotary reciprocating motion is given to the shaft u, and consequently to the looper D. AThe spool containing the lower thread is placedon the rod Z, and the tension secured by meansof a spiral spring. The'thread from this spool. is passedthrough a small hole, 2, in the lower end of the needle-plate B, then up thrdugh anotherv hole, 3, near thelower end of the needle, and then threaded into the eye of the needle. The spool with the upper thread is placed on a similar rod attached to the side of the upper part of the frame A, then passing through a hole in the spring 4, and then through the eyes of the looper. y

From the description now given the operation of iny sewing-machine Will be readily connprehended.

I deem it necessary to direct4 attention specially to only the two features of the machine in which I claim some novelty.

First, the feed-works. It will be observed that the movement ot' the cloth is effected by two `motions only of the under feeding surface--viz.,'the backward and forward motionthe surface remaining all the time in contact with the cloth. It is therefore necessary that the cloth should be held firmly at rest while the feed-surface is movingy backward., otherwise it would be carried back with it. It'has been found by experience that the needle does not adequately serve this purpose. It necessarily holds the cloth only at a single point, and the slidingof the feed-surface against the cloth gathers it up against the forward side of the needle, causing a gathered seam. To obviate this result I have provided the needleplate"`B with the dog C, as above descrlibed, am aware that a cloth-holder for accomplishing this purpose has been before used; but it constitutes a mechanical device by itself, and requires separate machinery tooperate it, so that thus secured or formed on the needle-plate B,

has the advantage of greater simplicity and cheapnesS.

Second. The placing of the looperD on the upper instead of the lower side of the table or plate on which the cloth is laid to be sewed. There is a manifest advantage in this arrange- Ament. Experience has shown that whenever Vtherejs a failure in the double-thread machine to make a perfect stitch the derangement is in the looping-thread. It is important therefore that this thread should be constantly in view lo." the operator, in order that any failurethat be accurately guided and formed thereon. I

am also aware that a looper of another kind has been before placed above the cloth-plate;

but not with a similar arrangement of means for operating it, it being a matter of considerable ninety and consequence to effect this by a compact arrangement, so as not to interfere with the management of the machine. I disclaim therefore the employment of a clothholder to enable a simple reciprocating feed-lever to make its backward movement without disturbing the cloth, and also, broadl v,.the placingof a thread-looper above the clothplate; but t What I claim as my invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. Placig'thedog G upon the needle-stockB., for the purpose described, in combination with the presser-plate p and feed-lever l, substantially as herein specified;

2. The looper D, when placed above the clothtable or plate 5, in combination with a vertical needle, b, piercing the cloth upward from below, with the looper-head S, shaft u, crank fv, rod u2, lever w, and cam mffor communicating a rotary reciprocating motion to said looper, as herein specified.

GEO. H. MALLARY.

Witnesses:

I. P. FITCH, S. F. EDWARDS. 

